Criminal Justice

The debate surrounding police violence reached a climax in 2020, when video of the brutal killing of George Floyd by a police officer went viral and activated unprecedented Black Lives Matter protests across the US and around the world. Many activists called for police reform, to varying degrees. Some advocated for abolition, while others sought change within the system. And yet others didn't see the need for change at all. The viewpoints in this resource explore police brutality, racism within the US criminal justice system, qualified immunity for police officers, and the Defund the Police movement

The American criminal justice system is supposed to be a contest between two equal adversaries, the prosecution and the defense, with judges ensuring a fair fight. But in fact, it is prosecutors who have the upper hand, in a contest that is far from equal. More than anyone else, prosecutors decide who goes free and who goes to prison, and even who lives and who dies. The system wasn't designed for this kind of unchecked power, and in Charged, Emily Bazelon shows that it is an underreported cause of enormous injustice -- and the missing piece in the mass incarceration puzzle. But that's only half the story. Prosecution in America is at a crossroads. The power of prosecutors makes them the actors in the system -- the only actors -- who can fix what's broken without changing a single law. They can end mass incarceration, protect against coercive plea bargains and convicting the innocent, and tackle racial bias. And because in almost every state we, the people, elect prosecutors, it is within our power to reshape the choices they make. In the last few years, for the first time in American history, a wave of reform-minded prosecutors has taken office in major cities throughout the country. Bazelon follows them, showing the difference they make for people caught in the system and how they are coming together as a new kind of lobby for justice and mercy. In Charged, Emily Bazelon mounts a major critique of the American criminal justice system -- and charts the movement for change.

Introduces the topic of criminal justice by weaving four true criminal case studies throughout the book, capturing attention with memorable stories that illustrate the real-life pathways and outcomes of criminal behavior and victimization.

With coverage of over forty careers in policing, courts, corrections, and victim services, students receive a comprehensive overview of the most popular and growing careers in the field. Self-assessment tools enhance students' self-awareness and steer them toward realistic and suitable careers in criminal justice

The former United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York recounts captivating tales of true crime from his years atop the most storied prosecutor's office in the country -- inside stories of terrorists threatening America, mob hit men, billion-dollar fraudsters, corrupt politicians, and even a "cannibal cop". Bharara entertains us, but also inspires us to aim high, laying out a path for how to think and act to reach fair and morally correct judgments.

Despite ethnography's long and distinguished history in the social sciences, its use in criminology is still relatively rare. Over the years, however, ethnographers in the United States and abroad have amassed an impressive body of work on core criminological topics and groups, including gang members, sex workers, drug dealers, and drug users. Ethnographies on criminal justice institutions have also flourished, with studies on police, courts, and prisons providing deep insights into how these organizations operate and shape the lives of people who encounter them. The Oxford Handbook of Ethnographies of Crime and Criminal Justice provides critical and current reviews of key research topics, issues, and debates that crime ethnographers have been grappling with for over a century. This volume brings together an outstanding group of ethnographers to discuss various research traditions, the ethical and pragmatic challenges associated with conducting crime-related fieldwork, relevant policy recommendations for practitioners in the field, and areas of future research for crime ethnographers. In addition to exhaustive overview essays, the handbook also presents case studies that serve as exemplars for how ethnographic inquiry can contribute to our understanding of crime and criminal justice-related topics

While one would hope that forensic scientists, investigators, and experts are intrinsically ethical by nature, the reality is that these individuals have morality as varied as the general population. These professionals confront ethical dilemmas every day, some with clear-cut protocols and others that frequently have no definitive answers.

Since the publication of the first edition of Ethics and the Practice of Forensic Science, the field of forensic science has continued to see its share of controversy. This runs the gamut of news stories from investigators, lab personnel, or even lab directors falsifying results, committing perjury, admitting to fraud, to overturned convictions, questions about bias, ethics, and what constitutes an "expert" on the witness stand.

This fully updated edition tackles all these issues―including some specific instances and cases of unethical behavior―and addresses such salient issues as accreditation requirements, standardization of ethical codes, examiner certification, and standards for education and training.

The definitive text for students of digital forensics, as well as professionals looking to deepen their understanding of an increasingly critical field. Written by faculty members and associates of the world-renowned Norwegian Information Security Laboratory (NisLab) at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), this textbook takes a scientific approach to digital forensics ideally suited for university courses in digital forensics and information security. Each chapter was written by an accomplished expert in his or her field, many of them with extensive experience in law enforcement and industry. The author team comprises experts in digital forensics, cybercrime law, information security and related areas. Digital forensics is a key competency in meeting the growing risks of cybercrime, as well as for criminal investigation generally. Considering the astonishing pace at which new information technology & ndash; and new ways of exploiting information technology & ndash; is brought on line, researchers and practitioners regularly face new technical challenges, forcing them to continuously upgrade their investigatory skills

Seeking the Truth from Mobile Evidence: Basic Fundamentals, Intermediate and Advanced Overview of Current Mobile Forensic Investigations will assist those who have never collected mobile evidence and augment the work of professionals who are not currently performing advanced destructive techniques. This book is intended for any professional that is interested in pursuing work that involves mobile forensics, and is designed around the outcomes of criminal investigations that involve mobile digital evidence. Author John Bair brings to life the techniques and concepts that can assist those in the private or corporate sector. Mobile devices have always been very dynamic in nature. They have also become an integral part of our lives, and often times, a digital representation of where we are, who we communicate with and what we document around us. Because they constantly change features, allow user enabled security, and or encryption, those employed with extracting user data are often overwhelmed with the process. This book presents a complete guide to mobile device forensics, written in an easy to understand format. Provides readers with basic, intermediate, and advanced mobile forensic concepts and methodology. Thirty overall chapters which include such topics as, preventing evidence contamination, triaging devices, troubleshooting, report writing, physical memory and encoding, date and time stamps, decoding Multi-Media-Messages, decoding unsupported application data, advanced validation, water damaged phones, Joint Test Action Group (JTAG), Thermal and Non-Thermal chip removal, BGA cleaning and imaging, In-System-Programming (ISP), and more. Popular JTAG boxes - Z3X and RIFF/RIFF2 are expanded on in detail. Readers have access to the companion guide which includes additional image examples, and other useful materials.